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Molecules, galaxies, art galleries, sculptures, viruses, crystals, architecture, and more: Shaping Space—Exploring Polyhedra in Nature, Art, and the Geometrical Imagination is an exuberant survey of polyhedra and at the same time a hands-on, mind-boggling introduction to one of the oldest and most fascinating branches of mathematics. Some of the world’s leading geometers present a treasury of ideas, history, and culture to make the beauty of polyhedra accessible to students, teachers, polyhedra hobbyists, and professionals such as architects and designers, painters and sculptors, biologists and chemists, crystallographers, physicists and earth scientists, engineers and model builders, mathematicians and computer scientists. The creative chapters by more than 25 authors explore almost every imaginable side of polyhedra.  From the beauty of natural forms to the monumental constructions made by man, there is something to fascinate every reader. The book is dedicated to the memory of the legendary geometer H. S. M. Coxeter and the multifaceted design scientist Arthur L. Loeb. Contributing Authors: P. Ash, T. F. Banchoff, J. Baracs, E. Bolker, C. Chieh, R. Connelly, H.S.M. Coxeter, H. Crapo, E. Demaine, M. Demaine, G. Fleck, B. Grünbaum, I. Hargittai, M. Hargittai, G. Hart, V. Hart, A. Loeb, J. Malkevitch, B. Monson, J. O'Rourke, J. Pedersen, D. Schattschneider, M. Schmitt, E. Schulte, M. Senechal, G.C. Shephard, I. Streinu, M. Walter, M. Wenninger, W. Whiteley, J. M. Wills, and G. M. Ziegler.

Polyhedra. --- Shapes. --- Forms (Shapes) --- Shape --- Polyhedral figures --- Polyhedrons --- Mathematics. --- Design. --- Geometry. --- Crystallography. --- Design, general. --- Geometry --- Surfaces --- Geometry, Solid --- Shapes --- Design and construction. --- Crystallography and Scattering Methods. --- Leptology --- Physical sciences --- Mineralogy --- Mathematics --- Euclid's Elements --- Creation (Literary, artistic, etc.)

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The projective, Möbius, Laguerre, and Minkowski planes over the real numbers are just a few examples of a host of fundamental classical topological geometries on surfaces. This book summarizes all known major results and open problems related to these classical point-line geometries and their close (nonclassical) relatives. Topics covered include: classical geometries; methods for constructing nonclassical geometries; classifications and characterizations of geometries. This work is related to many other fields including interpolation theory, convexity, the theory of pseudoline arrangements, topology, the theory of Lie groups, and many more. The authors detail these connections, some of which are well-known, but many much less so. Acting both as a reference for experts and as an accessible introduction for graduate students, this book will interest anyone wishing to know more about point-line geometries and the way they interact.

Geometry, Projective. --- Surfaces. --- Curved surfaces --- Geometry --- Shapes --- Projective geometry --- Geometry, Modern

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Did you know that any straight-line drawing on paper can be folded so that the complete drawing can be cut out with one straight scissors cut? That there is a planar linkage that can trace out any algebraic curve, or even 'sign your name'? Or that a 'Latin cross' unfolding of a cube can be refolded to 23 different convex polyhedra? Over the past decade, there has been a surge of interest in such problems, with applications ranging from robotics to protein folding. With an emphasis on algorithmic or computational aspects, this treatment gives hundreds of results and over 60 unsolved 'open problems' to inspire further research. The authors cover one-dimensional (1D) objects (linkages), 2D objects (paper), and 3D objects (polyhedra). Aimed at advanced undergraduate and graduate students in mathematics or computer science, this lavishly illustrated book will fascinate a broad audience, from school students to researchers.

Polyhedra --- Polyèdres --- Models --- Data processing --- Modèles --- Geometrical models --- Polyhedral figures --- Polyhedrons --- Geometry, Solid --- Shapes --- Data processing. --- Models.

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This book presents recent advances in the field of shape analysis. Written by experts in the fields of continuous-scale shape analysis, discrete shape analysis and sparsity, and numerical computing who hail from different communities, it provides a unique view of the topic from a broad range of perspectives. Over the last decade, it has become increasingly affordable to digitize shape information at high resolution. Yet analyzing and processing this data remains challenging because of the large amount of data involved, and because modern applications such as human-computer interaction require real-time processing. Meeting these challenges requires interdisciplinary approaches that combine concepts from a variety of research areas, including numerical computing, differential geometry, deformable shape modeling, sparse data representation, and machine learning. On the algorithmic side, many shape analysis tasks are modeled using partial differential equations, which can be solved using tools from the field of numerical computing. The fields of differential geometry and deformable shape modeling have recently begun to influence shape analysis methods. Furthermore, tools from the field of sparse representations, which aim to describe input data using a compressible representation with respect to a set of carefully selected basic elements, have the potential to significantly reduce the amount of data that needs to be processed in shape analysis tasks. The related field of machine learning offers similar potential. The goal of the Dagstuhl Seminar on New Perspectives in Shape Analysis held in February 2014 was to address these challenges with the help of the latest tools related to geometric, algorithmic and numerical concepts and to bring together researchers at the forefront of shape analysis who can work together to identify open problems and novel solutions. The book resulting from this seminar will appeal to researchers in the field of shape analysis, image and vision, from those who want to become more familiar with the field, to experts interested in learning about the latest advances.

Mathematics. --- Computer graphics. --- Computer mathematics. --- Differential geometry. --- Statistics. --- Differential Geometry. --- Computer Graphics. --- Computational Mathematics and Numerical Analysis. --- Statistics for Engineering, Physics, Computer Science, Chemistry and Earth Sciences. --- Shapes. --- Surfaces. --- Curved surfaces --- Forms (Shapes) --- Shape --- Geometry --- Surfaces --- Shapes --- Global differential geometry. --- Computer science --- Geometry, Differential --- Automatic drafting --- Graphic data processing --- Graphics, Computer --- Computer art --- Graphic arts --- Electronic data processing --- Engineering graphics --- Image processing --- Statistical analysis --- Statistical data --- Statistical methods --- Statistical science --- Mathematics --- Econometrics --- Computer mathematics --- Discrete mathematics --- Digital techniques --- Statistics . --- Differential geometry

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Many applications in science and engineering require a digital model of a real physical object. Advanced scanning technology has made it possible to scan such objects and generate point samples on their boundaries. This book, first published in 2007, shows how to compute a digital model from this point sample. After developing the basics of sampling theory and its connections to various geometric and topological properties, the author describes a suite of algorithms that have been designed for the reconstruction problem, including algorithms for surface reconstruction from dense samples, from samples that are not adequately dense and from noisy samples. Voronoi- and Delaunay-based techniques, implicit surface-based methods and Morse theory-based methods are covered. Scientists and engineers working in drug design, medical imaging, CAD, GIS, and many other areas will benefit from this first book on the subject.

Curves on surfaces --- Surfaces --- Surfaces, Models of. --- Models of surfaces --- Models and modelmaking --- Curved surfaces --- Geometry --- Shapes --- Surfaces, Curves on --- Mathematical models.